Reduplication & intensifiers

Lesson 38 of 47 · Clarendon

What this lesson is about

Double up words fi paint character (fool-fool, so-so, one-one) an crank up adjectives wid sweet yu see!, gaan a bed, cyaan done.

How it works

Patois love fi double up word — a African sinting dat, an i sweet di language cyaan done. When yu seh a word two time, yu mek i stronga, or yu tun i eena habit or character. Fool-fool no mean 'two fool' — i mean di smadi STAY foolish: 'Di bwoy fool-fool, im lef di gate open again' (the boy is silly). Chati-chati = talks too much: 'Mi aunty chati-chati, shi know everybody business.' Licky-licky = greedy: 'No gi im di whole pot — im too licky-licky.' Picky-picky = choosy; fraidi-fraidi = timid; chaka-chaka = messy: 'Yu room chaka-chaka, go fix i up!' Two special ones from di farm: so-so mean 'nothing but' — 'A so-so wuk mi a wuk from maanin' (nothing but work). One-one mean 'one at a time' — 'One-one coco full baskit'; di proverb self teach yu di grammar. An dege-dege mean measly: 'Im gi mi one dege-dege piece a yam.' Now di intensifier dem. Patois no really seh 'very' — i have sweeter tool: (1) well + adjective: 'Mi well hungry' (very hungry). (2) ...yu see! pon di end: 'Di mango sweet yu see!' (so sweet!). (3) ...gaan a bed: 'Grani love yu gaan a bed' (loves you to the utmost). (4) ...cyaan done: 'Money deh a Clarendon cyaan done' (endlessly). (5) ...so till: 'Di pot hot so till!' Learner errors fi watch: (1) No seh 'very fool-fool' — di doubling already strong; if yu waan more, seh 'im fool-fool bad'. (2) No double up any an any word — yu cyaan seh 'happy-happy' fi 'very happy'; learn di set forms dem. (3) 'Sweet yu see' no mean 'you see the sweet' — a one fixed tag, keep i whole. When yu slip, mi naa lecture yu — mi wi jus seh i back di right way, an yu talk i ova afta mi.

Words in this lesson

PatoisCassidy-JLUEnglish
fool-foolfuul-fuulsilly, foolish
chati-chatichati-chatitalks too much
licky-lickyliki-likigreedy (for food)
picky-pickypiki-pikichoosy, finicky
fraidi-fraidifriedi-frieditimid
chaka-chakachaka-chakamessy, disorderly
so-soso-soonly, nothing but
one-onewan-wanone at a time
dege-degedege-degemeasly, tiny
boonoonoonousbuunuunuunoswonderful, delightful
wellwelvery (well hungry = very hungry)
...yu see!...yu si!emphatic tag: so!, really!
...gaan a bed...gaan a bedto the utmost, superlatively
...cyaan done...kyaahn donendlessly, no end to it

Sources

The description of the grammar is checked against the published work above. The lesson, the examples and the wording are mine.

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Sound words & exclamations